The crime-terror nexus in the Sahel region is complex and multifaceted, with extremist groups prioritizing operational capabilities and influence over religious principles. This study by Sawab Center reveals that different groups adopt distinct strategies, such as Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb’s hostage-taking and taxation, and Daesh Sahel Province’s focus on drug routes and the narco trade. The relationship between extremist organizations and crime syndicates is complicated. The paper recommends that policy responses should involve local, national, regional, and global efforts to address conflicts effectively.